Three-dimensional continuum radiative transfer of polarized radiation in exoplanetary atmospheres

Polarimetry is about to become a powerful tool for determining the atmospheric properties of exoplanets. To provide basis interpretation observational results and predictive studies guide future observations, sophisticated analysis tools are required. Our goal develop radiative transfer that contains all relevant continuum polarization mechanisms comprehensive polarized flux resulting from scattering in atmosphere of, on surface local planetary environment (e.g., rings, exomoons) extra-solar planets. Furthermore, our avoid common simplifications such as locally plane-parallel atmospheres, missing cross-talk between latitudinal longitudinal regions, or assumption either point-like star illumination. As platform newly developed numerical algorithms, we use 3D Monte Carlo code POLARIS. The extended optimized exoplanetary atmospheres. We investigate reflected its degree different phase angles homogeneous cloud-free an inhomogeneous cloudy atmosphere. take advantage demonstrate potential code, impact additional circumplanetary ring studied. presence consisting small water-ice particles has noticeable radiation. In particular, strongly increases at larger if orbit seen edge-on because considered tend scatter forwards. contrast, decreases these angles.